Investigation the Relationship between Urban Defenseless Spaces with Sense of Citizens Social Security Case Study: Tehran City

Abstract

The relationship between urban space and the sense of social security of citizens nowadays is considered as one of the topics of urban sociology in sociology, these spaces can make a significant impact on the psychological security among citizens. Therefore this article aims to study the characteristics of urban space and its role in citizens' sense of security by using different theoretical sociology, social psychology and urban design such as; Monitoring the street, Jane Jacobs views, Cultural differences, Rapoport views, Defensible space, Newman, Broken windows, Wilson views, Situational crime prevention, Clarke views, Ray Jeffrey views , Spatial layout, and Hillier in 2015 in Tehran city. The study was based on survey and questionnaires. Research questionnaire has been examined dimensions of security in four components; financial, mental, physical and sexual security, with 28 items. A total of 400 citizens from Tehran population were selected as research sample society that comprised of five urban areas of North, South, East, West and center of Tehran city. The results showed, citizens sense of social secure in defense spaces more than from citizens sense of social secure in insecure spaces. The hypothesis test showed that the relationship between urban space and sense of security are significant differences in terms of the feeling of insecurity among the citizens in defenseless spatial and defense space can be seen. The result also showed; some defenseless spaces to the social and physical factors are potentially receptive to social problems and provide debugger and violent activities in Tehran selected areas.

DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2016.v7n5p241