Interlanguage Asymmetry as a Kind of Lexical Difficulties in the Tatar-Russian Translation

Abstract

Throughout the history of human society, different people come and engage in trade, military, economic, political, scientific, cultural and other relations with each other. Since the communication is carried out, and in different languages, the need for translation from one language to another and translators has been and will remain. To transfer was the most appropriate, the translator just needs to have information about what lexical difficulties and where it is waiting for. One of the most traditional forms of lexical difficulty is the problem so-called "false friends". Historically, the "false friends" are the result of linguistic influence, in a limited number of cases it may be the result of random coincidences. Their total number and the role of each of the possible sources of their formation are different for each individual language pairs, identify the genetic and historical ties languages. Passing from one language to another, the words can develop and change their values. They are not only fixed in the new cultural and language environment realities of another culture, but also can "choose" from a semantic system borrowed words such values that are at the periphery; sometimes they get too narrow, or, on the contrary, broad, generalizing value. Therefore, among similar in external form of tokens of two languages, a rather large group are those whose values are not equivalent, ie. E. Completely asymmetrical. This article discusses cross-language inconsistencies resulting from the random phonetic matches and different understanding of loanwords. The paper also carried out a study on the transfer of debt, the problem of penetration of loans in the Tatar and Russian language study "false friends" as one of the main difficulties of lexical translation.

DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n6s3p205