Socio-economic Effect of Modern Inclusive Discursive Practices in Disabled People’s Social Rehabilitation

Abstract

Fundamental changes which happen in the field of political, economic life in Russia have a great impact on the efficiency of the rehabilitation work with various socially vulnerable groups of the population. The basis for the development of a complex of rehabilitation measures are researches in a wide range of branches of knowledge: sociology, economy, psychology, pedagogics, medicine, science of law, criminology. Practical realization of the rehabilitation work will be possible only when a number of social and economic, organizational and administrative, pedagogical, social and psychological, legal and staffing issues will be decided. Persons with various health problems can emerge in any family and in any social conditions, in any ethnic group and anywhere in the world. Unfortunately, a disabled person in Russian submission is crippled, demanding care sufferer. That is why in the Russian and post-Soviet public consciousness disability is a synonym of poverty and hopelessness. However, recently in the post-Soviet space the social inclusion on the basis of ethno-cultural communities realizing new discursive practices directed on rehabilitation and adaptation of persons with limited health opportunities in everyday life of the society has experienced considerable changes. The world experience testifies that at the corresponding education and real helps persons, who have restrictions on health, can become valuable members of the society, regardless of the system of social protection that, finally, testifies for the high civil status of the society. Today, as the UNO says, in the world there are about 450 million people who have these or those mental and/or physical health disorders. In general they form 1/10 part of inhabitants of all over our planet. Moreover, as the World Health Organization (WHO) shows, a number of disabled children in the world is 13%. Among them 3% of children are born with intelligence disorders, and 10% - with other mental or physical problems. In total in the world there are now about 200 million children with limited health opportunities. At the same time, various environmental issues find a tendency to the increased number of disabled children in the world, in the post-Soviet space in particular. So, in Russia for the last decade the frequency of children's disability has doubled: as the WHO calculations show about 900 thousand of children's population are disabled children (Blinkov, 2005, p. 8). Relevance of this problem is caused by the fact that various forms of new services - psychological consultations, centers of social services, social shelters, "telephone emergency services ", etc. actively take root into practice of the social work, but their development in many respects is at a loss for the lack of a system approach, scientific and practical base in the field of complex rehabilitation. Now, among many forms of the development of social services of the population, rehabilitation of disabled people in rehabilitation centers occupies an actual direction. The paper presents the unique experiment on social rehabilitation of persons with limited health opportunities which is realized within the social project of the Akmolinsk regional society of Germans (Republic of Kazakhstan). So, the rehabilitation work considered as the activity of integrated experts directed on restoration, or compensation of the broken or lost abilities of a person to performance of public, professional and household functions according to their interests, can be presented as the direction of social services in protection, preservation and development of health of the population, the decreased social tension in the society, improvement of the quality of life the diaspora. Because, as a rule, diaspora groups are age-related members of the society, the offered experience of the Kazakhstan society of the German culture can be interesting as a new discursive practice of socialization and adaptation of persons with limited health opportunities.

DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n6s3p11