Retrospective Analysis of Development of Special Economical Zones in the Russian Federation

Abstract

Advance of special economical zones is an integrated economical instrument of regional development. The primary goal of economical zones creation is solution of region questions in strategic, territorial, social, economical, scientific and technological aspects. To resolve the main governmental and regional tasks in countries with developed and developing economy special territories that get special tax and economical privileges and special legal status for attraction of national and foreign investors are created. Thus, the special economical zones promote development of priority branches of national economy, small- and mid-sized enterprises, fruitful interaction between business entities and government. In the paper stages of development and effectiveness of applying special economical zones on the example of economy of the Russian Federation are considered, features of zones’ functioning peculiar to definite historical period of national economy development. The main goal of research performed by authors is the analysis of the features of special economical zones’ functioning at the modern stage of national economy development. There are also an overview of special economical zones functioning today on the territory of Russia and the results of their application. The present work is the attempt of authors to expose multidimensional nature of “special economical zones” category. The key reasons for low-effective activity of separate economical zones on the territory of Russian Federation.

DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n3s3p319