Albanian Legal Framework on Education and Education as Part of the Country Development

Abstract

Changes in social and political relations of the 90’s came as a necessity for the change and reform of education in Albania. These changes primarily had to be done in the field of legislation, as well as in high school, university education and graduate education. For 50 years pre- university education in each part of the curriculum claimed only its achievements and development of socialism in the country. Difficulty was in the legal reform on which this education was based. It was very difficult to change the Albanian mentality for the schools to operate under in new laws and structure. The first change came in 1995 with the Law Nr. 7952 dated 21/06/1995 “For Pre- University Education”, which changed again in 1998 the Law Nr.8387, dated 30/07/1998. These laws adapted much better the education system with new political and social conditions which Albania was going through at the time. Achievements in Albanian education, however, are not in the same level as the other EU countries, but they are a beginning to bring change in the systems of university, undergraduate, and graduate education and also the scientific research in the level of the developed countries. The education was free before the 90’s but it was directed only by the Marxist ideas adapted to the level of the bolshevism profile, which made this education a closed and oriented type. This form of education was the first thing that needed to be changed and reformed. The right to get educated is a fundamental human right, part of the Albanian Constitution and also part of the European Human Rights Council; every person has this right regardless of gender, beliefs, economical status and religious belief.

DOI: 10.5901/jesr.2016.v6n2p49