Migration as a Challenge for Albanian Post Communist Society

Abstract

Migration is a global phenomenon caused not only by economic factor but many others like social, political, cultural, environmental, health, education etc. It generally takes place from the area of less economic opportunities and retarded social development towards developed and fast developing areas. But in Albania this phenomena was quite different from the other society. By the end of stricter communism regime and the raise of democratization process in Albania, brought out huge challenges for Albanian society. One of these challenges was the movement of people as the cause of internal and international migration phenomena. The ‘open border’ toward all countries in the world, especially toward Western ones during 1990’s was a quite new phenomena for Albanian society, that cause drastic, rapid, inevitable and unplanned changes in the population. This happened as the result of many reasons. Such as the forbidden of moving outside Albania and the curiosity of ‘what is around’ was one of reasons to migrate. Also, forbidden of movement of people for continuing their life, within Albania were as push factor to form the internal migration. Although economical, political, education and socio-cultural beneficiaries were some of push factors for internal and international migration in Albania. The objectives of this articles are going to be focus on analyze of internal and international Albanian migration during post communist period till nowadays. During analyze of this phenomena is going to take into consideration social changes, social capital and its effect on the Albanian society challenges.

DOI: 10.5901/jesr.2014.v4n2p143