The Impact of Oil Development Activities on Environment and Sustainable Development in Fier Area, Albania

Abstract

In this area, a dynamic technological activity is still exerted, which arrived to evidently influence in around environment with their wastes, making so a dangerous risk for human health and natural. That’s why; this region is classified by the UNDP among the nine hot spots in Albania. The selected surface for study is around 200km2. The oil and gas field of Fier area is considered as one of the less managed zones, because of absence and damages in land, water and air, where the throwing of the oil waste in surface has not permitted the development of pedogenic processes. It has brought the deficit of soil, and consequently the right agrarian cultivation has not been permitted. The light hydrocarbons, which disturbed the two cities, introduce toxic indications in concentration of 3-5mg/l. Among the main problems are the stream waters that have in their composition oil components, such as phenol, different hydrocarbons, tension-active matters, etc. They have years that have asphyxiated the vegetal and living beings in environment pond, as channels, etc. The soil pollution with oil in area has penetrated in the depth of 0.1-1m, as a result the grown plants in land has also absorbed the oil elements. The water pollution has touched the life cycle of the community, so we are challenge with the health problems top them. In accordance with the objectives of the paper is made possible the evaluation of pollution extension, started from the source down to the river and finally to the sea. The purpose of the article is to assess polluted level in oil field of this area and to give the respective recommendations to a sustainable development by minimizing the oil activity impacts to the environment and especially to the living being health.

DOI: 10.5901/ajis.2013.v2n9p626