The Differences between Men and Woman in the Labor Market in Albania (Durres Case)

Abstract

In Albania, between the different regimes, communist and post-communist, the society has been transformed, bringing in this manner various problems, which are still very present, even after 22 years of democracy. The situation is still chaotic even though the democratic models rule the state of Albania. Different problems occurred not only in employment sector, but also in the social status of women, which remains the same. After 90 years, in the labor market, we have had the most improper level of employment in relation to the average of other countries in transition. Reducing the level of employment in the 90 years was a consequence of the decrease of employment in public sector companies. The number of employees in the public sector fell from 850.000 in 1991 to 189.000 in 2001 and 176,000 in 2004. This phenomenon has come as a result of mass privatization of public companies. The end of the socialist regime, the liberalization of prices in close connection with the lack of capital and foreign competition - the measures taken to make the economy competitive in the long run, lead to failure, and so a large number of workers have lost their jobs, including many women. The women employed in the public sector account for 37 percent of the total. The analysis of employment in years indicates that during the period 1993 to 2006, the employment level of women continues to be significantly lower than that of men. This study’s main objective is the presentation and evaluation of the current situation in a transparent way in a city, one of the largest in Albania, Durres. Doing these types of analyzes at the end of the trajectory, we took different conclusions that the current situation cannot be changed only with the improvement of legal framework, because the problem does not derive from legal procedures, but those social, and this is the real challenge for our society.

DOI: 10.5901/ajis.2013.v2n8p272