Formal Rates of Herbart - Impact, Value and their Actuality

Abstract

Herbart pedagogy represents a whole system of thesis and practices on pedagogy, didactics, methodologies and governance of the school. He tried to introduce a learning organization that have universal value. Herbartianism came in Albanian schools in 1916, in the Austro-Hungarian occupation area, through schools that opened by General Directorate of Education, based in Shkodra. Herbart ideas found application in several segments of primary and secondary education, practical interpretation editions " Programs of classes I-V in elementary and topics developed methodically", published during the years 1919-1920 by Gasper Beltoja, Sotir Paparistos "Exemplary lessons... in primary and secondary schools" in "Didactics" of professor Aleksander Xhuvani and the "Didactics manual for primary schools" prepared by methodist Kel Vila. Our school embraced his didactics. The stages of the learning process, as later were called "formal rates", were embraced by our teachers and became part of the classroom organization. The object of the study will be Gasper Beltoja publications as one of neoherbartians that along with programs for elementary schools gave examples of developing lessons in language, history, maths, natural sciences, etc., according to Herbart "formal rates". Although these publications did not meet all the needs that schools had on that period, served as signals that a new era was starting for the school, made it more controllable, influenced on the discipline of teaching in chaotic conditions of Albanian education, especially showed teachers the key for each lesson. All this already seen under the light of the time.

DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v4n1p317