Finding the Factors and Proposing the Solution for Preventing Secondary Victimization

Abstract

This research aims to find the causal factors and solutions to prevent secondary victimization. Using a doctrinal legal research method with statutory and conceptual approaches, Indonesian regulations are analyzed regarding the rights of crime victims and secondary victimization. Books and scientific journals that specifically discussed crime victims, crime typologies, and secondary victimization were also analyzed. By using qualitative analysis, the study shows that victims of crime, particularly those who experience sexual violence, suffer more severe and prolonged trauma when interacting with law enforcement personnel in the criminal justice system. These personnel usually blame the victim rather than showing empathy. The patriarchal perspective of society also exacerbates the situation. Therefore, it is necessary to encourage and practice values pro towards crime victims by personnel of the criminal justice system. Moreover, victims need to be empowered in every decision-making process that directly impacts their psychological condition. Online trials via teleconference need to be used frequently, especially in cases of sexual violence or domestic violence. This research presents an in-depth and comprehensive review of the causal factors and strategies to prevent secondary victimization. The findings of this research provide valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners in the criminal justice system to improve their approach towards crime victims and secondary victimization.

Received: 4 June 2023 / Accepted: 5 August 2023 / Published: 5 September 2023